What Type Of Additive Manufacturing Does The Biobot Apply

Elsevier

Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports

Under a Creative Commons license

open access

Abstract

3D printing alias additive manufacturing can transform 3D virtual models created by computer-aided design (CAD) into physical 3D objects in a layer-by-layer manner dispensing with conventional molding or machining. Since the incipiency, significant advancements have been achieved in understanding the process of 3D printing and the relationship of component, structure, property and application of the created objects. Because hydrogels are one of the most feasible classes of ink materials for 3D printing and this field has been rapidly advancing, this Review focuses on hydrogel designs and development of advanced hydrogel-based biomaterial inks and bioinks for 3D printing. It covers 3D printing techniques including laser printing (stereolithography, two-photon polymerization), extrusion printing (3D plotting, direct ink writing), inkjet printing, 3D bioprinting, 4D printing and 4D bioprinting. It provides a comprehensive overview and discussion of the tailorability of material, mechanical, physical, chemical and biological properties of hydrogels to enable advanced hydrogel designs for 3D printing. The range of hydrogel-forming polymers covered encompasses biopolymers, synthetic polymers, polymer blends, nanocomposites, functional polymers, and cell-laden systems. The representative biomedical applications selected demonstrate how hydrogel-based 3D printing is being exploited in tissue engineering, regenerative medicine, cancer research, in vitro disease modeling, high-throughput drug screening, surgical preparation, soft robotics and flexible wearable electronics. Incomparable by thermoplastics, thermosets, ceramics and metals, hydrogel-based 3D printing is playing a pivotal role in the design and creation of advanced functional (bio)systems in a customizable way. An outlook on future directions of hydrogel-based 3D printing is presented.

Abbreviations

ASAP

Acrylic sodium salt polymer

ASCs

Adipose derived stem cells

BMP-2

Bone morphogenetic protein 2

CMC

Carboxymethylcellulose

CPC

Calcium phosphate cement

DOPA

3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine

EDC

1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide

EGDE

Ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether

FDA

Food and Drug Administration

GelMA

Gelatin methacryloyl

GMHA

Glycidyl methacrylate-hyaluronic acid

β-glycerol phosphate disodium salt

HPMC

Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose

IPN

Interpenetrating polymer networks

iPSCs

Induced pluripotent stem cells

KRSR

Lysine–Arginine–Serine–Arginine

LDHs

Layered double hydroxides

MeHA

Methacrylated hyaluronic acid

PDMAAm

Poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide)

PEDOT:PSS

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) polystyrene sulfonate

PEGA

Poly(ethylene glycol) monoacrylate

PEGDA

Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate

PEGMA

Poly(ethylene glycol) methacrylate

PEGDMA

Poly(ethylene glycol) dimethacrylate

PHEMA

Poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate)

PMO

Periodic mesoporous organosilica

PNaAMPS

Poly(2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonic sodium)

PNIPAAm

Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)

PVME

Poly(vinyl methyl ether)

RGDS

Arginine–Glycine–Aspartic Acid–Serine

SWCNT

Single-wall carbon nanotubes

sulfo-SANPAH

Sulfosuccinimidyl 6-(4′-azido-2′-nitrophenylamino) hexanoate

TEMED

N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine

TEMPO

2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl radical

TPP

Sodium tripolyphosphate

VEGF

Vascular endothelial growth factor

Keywords

Additive manufacturing

3D printing

3D bioprinting

Biofabrication

Biomaterials

Hydrogels

Dr. Jinhua Li received his Ph.D. in Materials Science from University of Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2016. He then worked as a postdoctoral researcher from 2016 to 2018 at University of Hong Kong. He is currently an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow at Dresden University of Technology, Germany. His research focuses on functional materials for biomedical applications. He put forward the concepts of "bacteria starvation therapy" and "infection combination therapy" that jeopardize bacterial energy metabolism and potentiate antibacterial immunity through rational material designs.

Professor Chengtie Wu is the Deputy Director of Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He obtained his PhD in 2006. He worked at the University of Sydney, Dresden University of Technology and Queensland University of Technology as an Alexander von Humboldt Fellow, Vice-Chancellor Research Fellow. In 2015, he was awarded the Journal of Materials Chemistry Lectureship Award of the Royal Society of Chemistry. His research focuses on biomaterials and tissue engineering.

Professor Paul K. Chu received his PhD in Chemistry from Cornell University. He is Chair Professor of Materials Engineering in the Department of Physics, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, and Department of Biomedical Engineering at City University of Hong Kong. He is Fellow of the Hong Kong Academy of Engineering Sciences. He is also Fellow of the American Physical Society (APS), American Vacuum Society (AVS), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), Materials Research Society (MRS), and Hong Kong Institution of Engineers (HKIE). His research interests are quite diverse encompassing plasma surface engineering, materials science and engineering, surface science, and functional materials. He is a highly-cited researcher according to Clarivate Analytics.

Professor Michael Gelinsky is head of the Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research at the Faculty of Medicine of Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), Germany. He studied chemistry at the University of Freiburg (Germany) and obtained his PhD there in 2001. Before being appointed as professor he was heading a research lab at the Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials of TU Dresden. Currently he is member of the Board of Directors of the International Society for Biofabrication (ISBF) and Vice-President of the German Society for Biomaterials (DGBM).